WASHINGTON — A military judge on Tuesday indefinitely postponed the arraignment of three prisoners at Guantánamo Bay who were scheduled to make their first court appearance in 17 years of detention, finding that the coronavirus pandemic made it too risky to travel to the Navy base.

The Indonesian prisoner known as Hambali, who has been held since 2003 as a former leader of a Southeast Asian extremist group, and two accused accomplices were scheduled to appear at the war court on Feb. 22. But Col. Charles L. Pritchard Jr., the military judge who was to travel to Guantánamo this week, ruled that “the various counsels’ belief that their health is at significant risk by traveling” to the base was reasonable.

Colonel Pritchard is the most recent military judge to join the Guantánamo military commissions bench, and the latest to postpone a proceeding as too risky in nearly a year of cancellations over the coronavirus. Pretrial hearings in the death-penalty case against five men accused of plotting the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks have been delayed for a year.

The judge, court personnel and lawyers bound for the hearing began a quarantine in the Washington area over the weekend before a charter flight to the base on Thursday.

Once there, the passengers were to be individually quarantined for 14 days under a plan devised by prosecutors to protect those living on the base of 6,000 residents and at the prison from the threat of infection.

“The risk to the health and safety of participants in the arraignments due to the global Covid-19 pandemic is high,” the judge wrote in a seven-page order dated Tuesday. “The government’s proposed risk mitigation measures lower the risk, but the risk still persists.” He suggested that traveling to the base might not be safe until summer’s end.

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The case had been dormant throughout the Trump administration, but on the second day of the Biden administration, a senior Pentagon official appointed under the Trump administration who had been put in charge of the military commissions approved the prosecutions.

The defendants include Mr. Hambali, who is charged as Encep Nurjaman and is the former leader of the extremist group Jemaah Islamiyah, and his accused accomplices, Mohammed Nazir Bin Lep and Mohammed Farik Bin Amin, who are Malaysian.

The three men were captured in Thailand in 2003 and are charged with conspiring in the 2002 nightclub bombings in Bali, which killed 202 people, and the 2003 Marriott Hotel bombing in Jakarta, which killed at least 11 people and wounded at least 80. They spent their first three years in the C.I.A.’s secret prisoner network before they were transferred to Guantánamo for trial in 2006.

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  The military commissions rules require a detainee be brought to court within 30 days of the approval of charges but the judge’s ruling appeared to suspend that clock.

  Colonel Pritchard, who is chief of the Army’s southeastern court circuit, had to travel to Washington last week to quarantine before traveling to Guantánamo. He noted in his ruling that most people traveling to the arraignments have not yet been vaccinated against the virus, and neither have the prisoners.

  He also noted Saturday’s decision by the Biden administration to suspend a plan to offer vaccines this week to the 40 detainees at the prison. Under the initial plan, the three defendants could have voluntarily received their shots on Feb. 1 and their boosters in time for their Feb. 22 court date.

  As of Tuesday, all of the soldiers and other service members who work at the prison operation had been offered the Moderna vaccine, said Maj. Gregory J. McElwain, an Army spokesman, declining to say how many of the estimated 1,500 troops declined to get a shot. Navy medical personnel have been vaccinating volunteers among the base’s residents in stages since Jan. 9.

  This week, under the phased program, schoolteachers and foreign workers at the base commissary and bars were offered the vaccines, as were Marine forces who guard the perimeter of the base.

  Prosecutors had proposed postponing the hearing to April 3. The judge wrote that he will issue a new arraignment order “in due course.”

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