BEIJING (AFP) – US trade negotiators return to China this week for a fresh round of talks in a new city, but experts warn that a change of air is unlikely to quickly solve an impasse between the world’s two biggest economies.

The meetings in Shanghai on Tuesday (July 30) and Wednesday will be the first face-to-face discussions since negotiations collapsed in May after President Donald Trump accused China of reneging on its commitments.

Washington and Beijing have so far hit each other with punitive tariffs covering more than US$360 billion (S$493 billion) in two-way trade in the tense stand-off.

Despite an agreement by Mr Trump and President Xi Jinping at the Group of 20 in Japan to cease hostilities, there has been little progress since – and the US leader has irritated the Chinese side by claiming that the slowing economy is forcing them to make a trade deal.

The dispute has centred on US demands for China to curb the alleged theft of American technology and provide a level-playing field to US companies in the Asian country.

Mr Trump has also angered China by blacklisting telecom giant Huawei over national security concerns.

“Basically, China tried to take this as a pure economic affair and just wants to make a deal, but on the US side, it seems…(they) try to connect the trade affairs with a strategic rivalry,” said Professor Wang Chuanxing at Tongji University.

“The common ground is that both of the sides want to strike a deal, so this is very important.”

The restarting of talks is seen as a positive step, and the change of location to the country’s leading city of commerce Shanghai is also suggestive.

“It could be an attempt to distance the consequences of the negotiations from Xi Jinping and the people immediately around him,” said finance professor Michael Pettis at the Guanghua School of Management at Peking University.

Holding talks in Shanghai is also a nod to a time of better relations, as the home of the 1972 Shanghai Communique – an important step in building diplomatic relations between the US and China.

“There’s a significance to (China) of the Shanghai Communique and the symbolism obviously of that important agreement,” US Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin told CNBC, adding that he would take the invite to Shanghai as “good news that we will be making progress next week”.

However, Mr Mnuchin, who will be joined by US trade representative Robert Lighthizer in Shanghai, warned that there were “a lot of issues” and he expected follow-up talks in the US.

“It’s not likely (they will sign a deal) this week,” said Shanghai-based professor Shen Dingli.

The Global Times, a state-run nationalist daily, said in an editorial last Friday that it is “widely believed that trade talks will take a long time” and the chance of getting a deal could be missed if Washington continues to put pressure on Beijing.

Further lowering expectations was Mr Larry Kudlow, director of the US National Economic Council, who told CNBC last Friday that he “wouldn’t expect any grand deal”.

“Talking to our negotiators, I think they’re going to reset the stage and hopefully go back to where the talks left off last May,” he said, adding that the two sides still need to address key structural issues such as intellectual property theft and forced transfers of technology.

As well as a fresh location, the new round of trade talks seem set to give a more prominent role to the Chinese Commerce Minister Zhong Shan.

While Vice-Premier Liu He will likely lead the talks for China again, the addition of Mr Zhong could change the tone of the discussions as he is seen as a hardliner.

“On the one hand, maybe in his speeches he might express something tough,” Prof Wang said. “But on the other hand, we can also think that China is making more efforts to strike a deal, because Zhong Shan is a man with much expertise in this area.”

There is also a suggestion that Beijing is deliberately delaying the process until the next US election, in the hope of finding a more conciliatory leader to deal with.

It will be tougher for Mr Xi to push reforms following US criticism of Beijing’s human rights record and an open letter signed by retired US military officials urging Mr Trump to maintain a hard line against Communist China, said senior analyst Larry Ong at political risk consultancy SinoInsider.

“Xi’s rivals and other (Communist) Party hardliners will seize on the aforementioned developments as proof that the US wants to defeat the CCP (Chinese Communist Party) in a Cold War-style conflict, not reach a ‘win-win’ trade agreement and revert the Sino-US relationship to the engagement era,” Mr Ong said.

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