Committee votes to bring slavery reparations Bill to US House
WASHINGTON (AFP) – A US congressional committee voted on Wednesday (April 14) to advance to the whole House of Representatives a Bill on federal slavery reparation payments to African Americans, in a historic step on an issue gaining momentum during the nation’s reckoning on racial justice.
The move represents the first-ever congressional vote on the issue of reparations for the descendants of enslaved people in the United States. The Bill passed the House Judiciary Committee with a vote of 25 to 17 along strict party lines, with no Republicans voting to bring the Bill in front of the whole House.
The committee had engaged in a late-night discussion about the Bill, which would create a commission to study and develop proposals for reparations to black people. But it faces major challenges in a closely divided Congress, where more than 150 Democrats co-sponsored the measure.
The first version of the Bill was introduced more than 30 years ago but never advanced. It addresses the period of slavery and discrimination in the US from 1619 to the present day, and would establish a commission that will study and propose remedies, including financial reparations. House Democrat Sheila Jackson Lee, the Bill’s chief sponsor, said such a commission would be a long-overdue effort to confront the stark societal disparities occurring in black communities today, and recommend solutions.
It would provide a “road map for the truth of the brutality and the onerous and terrible burden placed on African Americans, and this nation, by slavery”, she told the committee. Ms Lee, who is black, also delivered a message to her Republican colleagues. “Do not cancel us tonight,” she implored. “Do not ignore the pain, the history – and the reasonableness of this commission.”
President Joe Biden met on Tuesday with members of the Congressional Black Caucus at the White House where they discussed the reparations issue. Ms Lee, who attended the meeting, said Mr Biden remained “committed” to the Bill.
Judiciary Committee chairman Jerrold Nadler said the legislation is intended to “begin a national conversation about how to confront the brutal mistreatment of African Americans during chattel slavery, Jim Crow segregation, and the enduring structural racism that remains endemic to our society today”. But Mr Nadler stressed that the measure makes no conclusion about how to properly atone for and make recompense for slavery, segregation and their shameful legacy.
Republicans acknowledged the evils of slavery, but they nonetheless spoke out against the legislation, with some criticising the commission’s expected US$20 million (S$26.7 million) cost.
“I would very much caution against going down this road,” House Republican Chip Roy told the session. “It takes us away from the important dream of judging people by the content of their character and not the colour of their skin.”
Wednesday’s vote comes during the high-profile trial of former Minneapolis police officer Derek Chauvin, who is charged with the murder of Mr George Floyd. The black man’s death last May triggered protests highlighting the country’s racial injustices.
‘Systemic’ discrimination
Approximately four million Africans and their descendants were enslaved in the original colonies and the US between 1619 and 1865, a history that some lawmakers described Wednesday as “the original sin” of the United States. The Bill says that in the decades following slavery, the government helped create “persistent systemic structures of discrimination on living African Americans”.
Black Americans continue to suffer “debilitating economic, educational, and health hardships” compared with white Americans, the Bill notes, including an unemployment rate more than twice that of whites, and an average of less than 1/16 of the wealth of white families. Last month, local lawmakers in Evanston, Illinois, voted to give funds to black residents as a form of reparations for housing discrimination, thereby becoming the first US city to take such action.
Under the plan, qualifying residents will receive US$25,000 to use towards home improvements or mortgage assistance. The move could become a model for other US communities as racial injustice has risen up the political and public agenda. The Bill’s next step is a floor vote in the House, though no date has been set. But the Senate hurdle is higher.
At least 10 Republicans would need to join all 50 Democrats in order for the Bill to pass the Chamber.
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